It’s HOT. With the heat, talks of dehydration and heat related illness come to the headlines. Summer brings football camps (Hell week), firefighters working the fires, cycling events (inspired by the Tour de France), running events, Triathelons, motorcyle riding, hiking as well as other summer activities. To stay safe you need to understand and comprehend water intake and the requirements each body has to function on a normal level. With the fire season coming up firefighters need to maintain a high level of fluid intake to maintain body function as do people in construction or landscaping. Body water and athletic performance are directly connected, and when understood, can be the difference between a winning performance and or/ survival.

Your body needs about 1 ml of water for every calorie that you expend. For example, if you burn 4,000 to 5,000 calories per day (moderate to aggressive athletic workouts), you would need between 4 to 5 liters of fluid to replace what was lost and to keep the biochemistry in proper balance. Monitoring body weight before and after training is the best way to keep up with your body’s fluid needs, which sweating increases. If you don’t believe that hydration can affect athletic performance ask Lance Armstrong. He lost 15 lbs due to dehydration following the first time trial of the Tour de France in 2002 and suffered the next few days more than usual.

Although a 2% weight loss due to dehydration may not cause any “symptoms”, it does decrease physical and mental performance.

Water Loss as % of Body Weight
2% – Difficulty in controlling normal body temperature
3% – Reduced muscular endurance time
4%-6% – Reduced strength, power, endurance and heat cramps
6% – Severe heat cramps, heat exhaustion and heat stroke

During exercise, especially in the heat, some of the water that naturally circulates through your body is used by your sweat glands. Inadequate fluid balance can result in a chain reaction that can be severely detrimental to your health. The first step in this reaction is a decrease in blood volume, which increases the heart rate in an attempt to get the fluids to the vital organs. The body’s next reaction is to constrict the blood vessels in order to maintain proper blood pressure. However, this reaction will cause the body temperature to rise due to the heat produced by the working muscles which can’t be transported to the skin’s surface. This leads to heat illnesses such as heat cramps, exhaustion and heat stroke.

To avoid this chain reaction you must stay properly hydrated during your exercise. The recommended fluid intake for exercise or training is 8 to 12 ounces fifteen minutes before you begin your exercises. During your training, drink 4-6 ounces every 10 to 15 minutes. After you have completed your training, you should consume 16 ounces for every pound lost (weigh yourself before and after exercise to determine weight loss). If you are working out longer than 60 minutes, a sports drink may be helpful in delaying fatigue by providing additional energy for working muscles. It will also be helpful in the overall chemistry balance since it will be replacing needed electrolytes that are lost during the sweating process. A 5 to 8% concentration of carbohydrates (as seen in most sports drinks) has been shown to be absorbed quickly. The small amount of electrolytes can also aid in the absorption of water from the intestines. A great product on the market for electrolyte replacement is a powder called Endura, made by a company called Metagenics. You can find this product at some bike shops or at health care facilities (we can order it here at CSI if you want some- This is the product my family and I use). Remember, this simple equation. First hour, water only. Second hour a mix of water and sport drink, third hour sport drink (electrolyte replacement). Due to the salts and sugars in the sports drinks, drinking too early can clog the sodium and calcium channels causing the athlete to go into a state of early dehydration. You can also increase the risks of cramping by drinking a sport drink too early.

With the heat of the summer here, be smart in your training. Do not exercise during the hottest times of the day (10-3), stay hydrated and properly warm up and cool down. To avoid heat illness and decrease your overall performance, remember this: an athlete should never be thirsty!

If you are competing or working in the heat, look for products out there that will keep your heart and core at a safe temperature. There are cooling vests that can be found on the Internet as well as core coolers found in some motorcycle shops. Keep cool and hydrated and you will have a better experience outdoors.

Dr. Terry Weyman is the clinic Director for the Chiropractic Sports Institute. He specializes in the care of the active person. For further information he can be contacted at www.gotcsi.com

ALA Alpha-linolenic acid, plant derived 18-carbon long omega-3 fatty acid. Primarily from flaxseed (linseed), walnut, and hemp oils.EPA Eicosapentaenoic acid, animal derived 20-carbon long omega-3 fatty acid. Primarily from cold-water fatty fish.DHA Docosahexaenoic acid, 22-carbon long omega-3 fatty acid. Primarily from cold-water fatty fish. There are vegetarian sources (algae) for DHA.

Adequate maternal omega-3 fatty acid intake “ensures the optimal cerebral and cognitive development of the infant.”

This first post on this new website comes from an article I wrote several months ago. The reason I have chosen it to be the lead off article is because of its importance. Most of us older athletes have been chained to desks and computers to get by. Does our bodies like it, NO. BUT we can fight back and make the best of it. So read, enjoy and share.

Time to make adjustments to keep the quality of your life going in the right direction. Speaking of adjusting, lets take a look at the place you spend most of your day, the office. Ask yourself, if you were to work out in the gym for 8-12 hours a day, would your musculoskeletal structure change? Of course it would. So why won’t it change if your in an office 5-6 days a week for 8-12 hours a day?

First, lets think about your posture? Are your shoulders hunched? Your wrists arched back? How about your neck: Is it craned forward? Is your back aligned with your chair back? Are your feet flat on the floor?

You will take your lifting or athletic form seriously but you forget that most of your time is spent in front of computers or sitting. Bad office ergonomics can lead to poor athletic performance. The majority of the computer-facing population, poor office ergonomics will (not can, but will) lead to repetitive stress ailments such as carpal tunnel syndrome, postural syndrome, tendinitis and eye strain. In the worst-case scenario, you could lose the ability to tell hot from cold, find yourself dropping things or develop a syndrome known as “foot drop,” in which pressure on the sciatic nerve can cause a foot to drag while you walk.

Ergonomic experts will tell you that human beings were not designed to fold themselves into computer workstations each day. However, by learning from our past, and making simple adjustments you can save yourself from a lifetime of aching backs and sore necks. “The most egregious ergonomic crimes I see include sitting without any back support for more than one hour at time; extended reaching in any direction, causing problems for the shoulders, neck and upper back area; awkward neck positioning and rotating the neck repeatedly; and people … pitch[ing] forward off their chairs,” Deborah Read, MOTR/L ergonomics consultant and president of ErgoFit Consulting in Seattle, states. “The No. 1 symptom people need to pay attention to is chronic aching. It’s the most serious but also the most ignored. People brush it off and end up getting themselves to a point of no return. If you have had aching any place—lower back, upper back, between the shoulder blades, wrists or hands—for three days, you need to have it looked at,” said Read.

Other common symptoms are aching or soreness in the tendon areas, as well as nerve symptoms such as numbness and tingling. “The early signs of repetitive strains and injury are tightness and soreness in the upper back and shoulders. People tend not to do anything about it until they have symptoms down into their wrists and elbows,” said Deidre Rogers, president of Ergovera Ergonomic Consulting in Santa Cruz, Calif.

Here are some things the experts recommend workers do to help avoid repetitive stress injuries.

Sit Better
Desk work has long been associated with an easier lifestyle than manual labor, so much so that many do not realize that an act as idle as sitting can cause injuries.
“Put it this way—sitting upright with a slight forward bend has the highest compressive force on the lumbar disc [of] any … position,” said Read. Furthermore, most people don’t sit properly in their chairs, slouching and sliding down, and then rolling their shoulders forward. “They’re stretching their muscles the in the wrong ways and end up limiting their range of motion. Slouching collapses the diaphragm, limiting the amount of oxygen you are allowing into your body to circulate,” said Wendy Young, certified ergonomist with Ergo Pro in Houston, which provides ergonomic consulting, training and products. Young does not recommend that people rely on external lumbar support except in cases where obesity or physical problems leave the individual no other options. “A lot of newer chairs were designed to support the lumbar region in the lower back. But, the body is strong enough to support itself,” said Young. Young instead, suggests that people sit all the way back in their chair so that their sacrum touches the chair’s back. “When you do this, your pelvis and back are aligned properly and it allows you to move easily in the chair,” said Young. Rogers approaches seating positions differently, dismissing the popular notion that elbows and knees should rest at 90-degree angles. “Think it terms of open angles. Instead of sitting with your legs at a 90-degree angle, try a 110-degree angle. Keep your elbow at 110-degree angle to your hand,” said Rogers. While everyone sits at a desk differently, men and women tend to fall into gender-specific posture traps. “Men tend to be low writers. They like their chairs lower, and to sit back in them, and they need to learn to sit higher. Men strain their arms and wrists when they sit too low. Women are ‘perchers‘—they sit away from the backrests and at the edge of their seats. Women tend to slouch because they’re so far away from their back support,” said Rogers.

Use Equipment Correctly
When most people think of ergonomics, they think of wrist rests. Yet, even these long pieces of padding that are nearly standard in office settings are widely misused. “Wrist rest is a very unfortunate term because the general public thinks that it means they’re supposed to rest their wrist on it. There’s no protective fat under your wrist, and resting on this unprotected area could cause contact stress. I would be happier if they were called palm rests,” said Read.
None of the specialists suggested that people throw their wrist rests out the window, however.
“Wrist rests were designed for resting between spells of typing, not during typing… The killer combination is lazy typing and cold hands, suggestive of a smaller carpal tunnel. These two factors together almost guarantee that you will get a wrist or arm injury,” said Rogers.
Each of the specialists referenced pianists when discussing the proper way to hold your hands and wrists when you type. Pianists use their fingers to hit keys, but keep their wrists raised and arms engaged, and hit the keys with their fingertips alone. “The worst setup is the keyboard on the keyboard tray [and] the mouse up on the desk surface. It leads to reaching injuries,” said Rogers.

Adjust Your Monitor
Most people have their monitor height set too high, or worse, lack the ability to lower it. Read suggested that people sit squarely in front of their computer screens with their feet flat to make adjustments. “Your horizontal line of sight should hit the first one to two inches of the screen itself. When you need to look lower, you should use your eyeballs and not your neck.”
Those that wear bifocals should keep their monitors even lower, so that they are always looking at them through the bottom of their eyeglasses, “without dropping their heads,” said Read.

Use Specialty Equipment Where Available
“Injuries tend to start with your upper back and neck,” explained Young, “and one of the worst things you can do is cradle the phone to your neck with your shoulder.” Young said that there was little excuse for workers not to use a headset these days, considering that one can be purchased inexpensively at Radio Shack or office supply stores. Rogers recommends that people who do even a little data entry or read from documents while on the computer buy an inexpensive document holder. “Remember that your eyes lead your posture, and if the objects you are looking at are out of the way, your posture will strain. Put the document holder on the side of your eye dominance.” While trading in one keyboard for another that fits the user better is not always an option, Rogers suggests that people who can, should. “A lot of narrow-shouldered women get in trouble with the standard keyboard. A keyboard should be the same width as your shoulders,” said Rogers.

Move Around
You need to break your patterns. People go to the chiropractor, acupuncturist, physical therapist and get massages and then go back to the same chair and same office set up. Unsurprisingly, your injuries will return. All of the experts emphasized the importance of moving around throughout the day, whether through simple stretches, programs that prompt people to take a break, or by refilling your water glass or standing to complete tasks when you can. A big misnomer about repetitive strain injury is that the repetitive motion is at fault. However, the real evil is the static posture or lack of change in the office setting. People have done repetitive work for hundreds of years without getting injured, the difference today is that we rarely move around when we work. Change your posture throughout the day. You can talk on phone while standing; you can stand to read a document and the change in position will also change the way you feel. “People do not take enough breaks,” said Young, who encourages her clients to drink a lot of water so, at the very least, they’ll need to rise once an hour to make the trek to the restroom. If you think of your day as a physical work out. Warm up your hands and arms for a full day of activity. Perform simple shoulder rolls or simple stretches every 20-30 minutes and walk around for five minutes every hour. Relax your eyes and focus on something far away throughout the day and stretch your upper and lower body several times during the work process. By doing this, you will keep your perspective fresh and your mind active. In the end, you’ll be more productive and have a lot less pain. You will feel younger, have more energy and be able to be that weekend warrior you have always dreamed about.

Enjoy this post, we will be sending these out bi-monthly. Some of the topics in the future will be about the use of the laser, how an H-Wave machine differs from other forms of muscle stim, why to come in for maintenance and tune ups when you feel fine and why to bring your kids for Chiropractic Care. I will also have Dr. Ed and Dr. Derek writing posts so you can gain from their knowledge as well.

Until the next thread, have a FABULOUS DAY.